A disintegrin-metalloproteinase prevents amyloid plaque formation and hippocampal defects in an Alzheimer disease mouse model
The journal of clinical investigation. Bd. 113. H. 10. Ann Arbor, Mich.: American Society for Clinical Investigation 2004 S. 1456 - 1464
Erscheinungsjahr: 2004
ISBN/ISSN: 0021-9738
Publikationstyp: Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Sprache: Englisch
Doi/URN: 10.1172/JCI200420864
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Inhaltszusammenfassung
Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by excessive deposition of amyloid beta-peptides (Abeta peptides) in the brain. In the nonamyloidogenic pathway, the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved by the alpha-secretase within the Abeta peptide sequence. Proteinases of the ADAM family (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) are the main candidates as physiologically relevant alpha-secretases, but early lethality of knockout animals prevented a detailed analysis in neuronal cells. To overcome...Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by excessive deposition of amyloid beta-peptides (Abeta peptides) in the brain. In the nonamyloidogenic pathway, the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved by the alpha-secretase within the Abeta peptide sequence. Proteinases of the ADAM family (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) are the main candidates as physiologically relevant alpha-secretases, but early lethality of knockout animals prevented a detailed analysis in neuronal cells. To overcome this restriction, we have generated transgenic mice that overexpress either ADAM10 or a catalytically inactive ADAM10 mutant. In this report we show that a moderate neuronal overexpression of ADAM10 in mice transgenic for human APP([V7171]) increased the secretion of the neurotrophic soluble a-secretase-released N-terminal APP domain (APPsalpha), reduced the formation of Abeta peptides, and prevented their deposition in plaques. Functionally, impaired long-term potentiation and cognitive deficits were alleviated. Expression of mutant catalytically inactive ADAM10 led to an enhancement of the number and size of amyloid plaques in the brains of double-transgenic mice. The results provide the first in vivo evidence for a proteinase of the ADAM family as an a-secretase of APP, reveal activation of ADAM 10 as a promising therapeutic target, and support the hypothesis that a decrease in alpha-secretase activity contributes to the development of AD.» weiterlesen» einklappen
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Medizin
