Inhaltszusammenfassung

Abstract Veterinary pharmaceuticals (VPs) are routinely used in livestock breeding. As a consequence, high concentrations of such VPs can be found in liquid manure, which is often applied to arable crops and grassland. From the soil, the VPs may enter surface water bodies via edge-of-øeld runooe, representing a potential risk to aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the worst-case runooe predictions obtained by the FOCUS step 3 modeling approach, which is recommended for envi...Abstract Veterinary pharmaceuticals (VPs) are routinely used in livestock breeding. As a consequence, high concentrations of such VPs can be found in liquid manure, which is often applied to arable crops and grassland. From the soil, the VPs may enter surface water bodies via edge-of-øeld runooe, representing a potential risk to aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the worst-case runooe predictions obtained by the FOCUS step 3 modeling approach, which is recommended for environmental-risk assessment of VPs in Europe, were compared with fate data obtained from experimental plot studies involving both arable and grassland plots. Five VPs were selected comprising three sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfadimidine, sulfamethoxazole) and two benzimidazoles (Æubendazole, fenbendazole). The respective concentrations in runooe were initially estimated using literature data for model parameterization. Subsequently, the scenarios were parameterized speciøcally for each experimental plot study performed, enabling a direct comparison of the model performance with the close-to-øeld relevant situation. Generally, substantial variations between the predicted and measured concentrations of VPs in the runooe were uncovered. Although the FOCUS prediction suggested higher concentrations than were actually measured in 65runooe concentrations of VPs were underestimated in the remaining 35frequent underestimation of runooe concentrations was primarily observed for the grassland plots (85FOCUS predictions largely overestimated the measured concentrations for the arable plots. More strikingly, when involving a dioeerence between the measured and predicted concentrations of 10model, only one (out of a total of 17) runooe concentration among the øve VPs (i.e., sulfadimidine) assessed in the seven scenarios fell within this tolerance margin. Thus, these results demonstrate the substantial uncertainties related to the use of the FOCUS surface water modeling approach for the prediction of VPs introduced with manure and their environmental risk.» weiterlesen» einklappen

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